Why do some everyday product labels communicate so clearly while others completely fail?

I was grabbing something off a grocery shelf the other day and noticed two nearly identical products side by side. One instantly told me what it was, who it was for, and why I should care. The other had beautiful photography, a clean layout, and I still had no idea what was inside after staring at it for a few seconds. It got me thinking about how product label design sits at this interesting intersection of hierarchy, typography, color, and pure communication. The pretty one was clearly designed by someone