How Modern Indexing works in PostgreSQL- In depth explanation of how Indexing in PostgreSQL works and what enahncements Postgres has adapted that makes Indexing more faster.

Thinking about indexing, we know a only a big picture that uses B-Tree structures in memory, but in modern DBMs systems there are some enhancements introduced in indexing where systems like PostgreSQL are utilizing some new OS system calls like io_uring to make syncrhonous IO reading, also direct retrieval of record from disk using functions like fseek() and in memory optimization of traversing like applying binary search on leaf page. PostgreSQL always keeps a file for indexing, unlike MySQL where it only