How Grafana Alloy Builds and Runs Its Component Graph

I spent some time reading Grafana Alloy’s source code to understand how it loads configuration, builds a dependency graph, evaluates components, and runs them. I wrote a short breakdown of what I learned, mainly focused on the runtime/controller, loader, scheduler, services, and component lifecycle. It is not a complete deep dive into the whole project, but more of a source-code reading note from exploring a real production Go codebase. Feedback is welcome, especially from people familiar with observability